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Monday, August 24, 2020
Proffesional project report on leaflet ordering (to be edited) Essay
Proffesional venture report on handout requesting (to be altered) - Essay Example These give clients complete data in regards to tenure, possession, qualifications, neighborhood plans, wellbeing, security, and every single strong framework shaping piece of the lodging plan. www.k-h-t.org This report presents the discoveries from a venture attempted to meet the appraisal necessities of the FDSC in Housing Practice. The venture was embraced for KHT, the association that supported the task chief on the FDSC. The general point of the venture was to set up another framework for requesting flyers inside the work environment. This included building up another framework for requesting, putting away and showing flyers, and picking up input from staff and administration clients on whether the progressions had improved the accessibility of flyers. The task report that follows gives a clarification of the specific circumstance and method of reasoning for the venture, a diagram of the past framework for requesting and showing pamphlets and its shortcomings; a depiction of the progressions presented distinguishing how every ha assisted with conquering shortcomings in the past framework; a blueprint of how the undertaking was embraced (for example the procedure); and discoveries fr om the underlying assessment and suggestions. The motivation behind this undertaking was to explore the procedure and viability of changes actualized in the requesting and showing of client data flyers at KHTââ¬â¢s six workplaces over the ward. It was gotten without prior warning that a few flyers that were being shown were outdated. Another arrangement of flyer requesting was required to guarantee the arrangement of current and cutting-edge data to clients. Besides, taking into account the requirement for cost-cutting during the present downturn, it was viewed as basic to arrange all flyers one after another, determining precisely the all out number of each kind of handout required by all the workplaces. Moreover, a powerful audit process was required to guarantee that the
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Linguistics and Language Essay Example for Free
Semantics and Language Essay Language Comprehension â⬠¢Language Production â⬠¢Language Acquisition Psycholinguistics is a part of psychological science What will be canvassed in this class? â⬠¢ How would we deliver and perceive discourse? â⬠¢ How would we see words, letters, and sentences? â⬠¢ How would we take in and review data from writings? â⬠¢ How would we be able to improve writings to make them more clear? â⬠¢ How does the cerebrum capacity to process language? â⬠¢ What are the circumstances and end results of understanding incapacities? Is there language in different species? Focal topics in psycholinguistics 1)à What information on language is required for us to utilize language? Unsaid (understood) information versus Express information â⬠¢ inferred: information on the most proficient method to perform something, yet not mindful of full principles â⬠¢ unequivocal: information on the procedures of components in playing out that thing 2)à What subjective procedures are engaged with the common utilization of language? How would we comprehend a talk, read a book, hold a discussion? Subjective procedures: recognition, memory, thinking, learning Some meanings of fundamental parts of language: Semantics: The importance of words and sentences Linguistic structure: The syntactic plan of words in a sentence or expression Phonology: The sound example of language Pragmatics: How language is utilized in a social setting Examples from psycholinguistics Parsing garden way sentences The fledgling acknowledged the arrangement before he got an opportunity to check his funds, which put him in a condition of contention when he understood he had a straight flush. 1) The litigant analyzed by the legal counselor ended up being inconsistent 2) The proof inspected by the legal advisor ended up being untrustworthy The way toward parsing is the way toward settling on choices The impact of earlier information on cognizance The strategy is very basic. First you orchestrate things into various gatherings. Obviously, one heap might be adequate relying upon how much there is to do. In the event that you need to head off to some place else because of absence of offices, that is the subsequent stage; else you are truly set. It is significant not to exaggerate things. That is, it is smarter to do too hardly any things on the double than too much. In the short run this may not appear to be significant, however intricacies can without much of a stretch emerge. A mix-up can be costly also. From the start the entire methodology will appear to be convoluted. Before long, in any case, it will turn out to be simply one more aspect of life. It is hard to predict any conclusion to the need for this assignment in the short term, yet then one never can tell. After the system is finished, one organizes the materials into various gatherings once more. At that point they can be placed into their proper spots. In the long run they will be utilized again, and the entire cycle will at that point must be rehashed. Nonetheless, that is a piece of life. Bransford amp; Johnson, 1973 Recall: No specific circumstance: 2. 8 thought units out of a limit of 18 Context subsequently: 2. 7 thought units Context previously: 5. 8 thought units Child language advancement what number words do you know? Clue: Dictionary has around: 450,000 sections Test secondary school graduates: what number words do they know? Around 45,000 english words About 60,000 including names and outside words The normal multi year old thinks around 13,000 words. Finding out around 10 words for each day since age 1. (One at regular intervals) How much do we need to instruct youngsters to learn language? Do you need to show a kid to walk? Is it a similar method of learning a language? My instructor holded the child hares and we tapped them I eated my supper A concise history of psycholinguistics Wilhem Wundt (mid 1900s) Interest in mental procedures of language creation Sentence as the essential unit of language â⬠¢ Speech creation is the change of complete points of view into successively sorted out discourse sections. Behaviorism (1920s-1950s) â⬠¢ Rejected the attention on mental procedures â⬠¢ Measurement dependent on target conduct (basically in lab creatures) â⬠¢ How does understanding (prize and discipline) shape conduct? B. F. Skinner: Children learn language through forming (amendment of discourse mistakes) Associative chain hypothesis: A sentence comprises of a chain of relationship between singular words in the sentence Whatââ¬â¢s amiss with the behaviorist methodology? Noam Chomsky (1950s present) 1) Colorless green thoughts rest angrily 2) Furiously rest thoughts green dismal. 3)à George got the infant 4)à George got the child. Pretty much every sentence articulated is another blend of words The Poverty of improvement contention: There isn't sufficient data in the language tests given to youngsters to represent the richnes and unpredictability of childrenââ¬â¢s language The example of advancement did not depend on parental discourse however onâ innateâ language information Linguistic Diversity versus Semantic Universals Linguistic decent variety There seems, by all accounts, to be a great deal of assorted variety among dialects Indeed, even inside dialects there is assorted variety When are two dialects unique? We communicate in a similar language in the event that we can see each other Exceptions: Norwegian and Swedish Cantonese and Mandarin Dialects inside dialects: The fantasy of unadulterated language How/for what reason do dialects change? For what reason does there appear to be a right English? Individuals from the prevailing (generally ground-breaking) sub-culture will in general talk one lingo and may rebuff the individuals who don't Linguistic Chauvinism Belief that oneââ¬â¢s own language/tongue is the most ideal of all dialects Black English Vernacular (BEV) Study by William Labov Interviewed African-American road youth You know, similar to certain individuals state if youââ¬â¢re great anââ¬â¢ sh*t, your soul goinââ¬â¢ tââ¬â¢heaven . . . ââ¬Ën in the event that you awful, your soul goinââ¬â¢ to damnation. All things considered, bullsh*t! Your soul goinââ¬â¢ to damnation at any rate, fortunate or unfortunate. [Why? ] Why? Iââ¬â¢ll reveal to you why. ââ¬ËCause doesnââ¬â¢ no one truly realize that itââ¬â¢s a God, yââ¬â¢know, ââ¬Ëcause I mean I have seen dark divine beings, white divine beings, all shading divine beings, and donââ¬â¢t no one know itââ¬â¢s actually a God. Anââ¬â¢ when they be sayinââ¬â¢ in the event that you great, you goinââ¬â¢ tââ¬â¢heaven, thaââ¬â¢s bullsh*t, ââ¬Ëcause you ainââ¬â¢t goinââ¬â¢ to no paradise, ââ¬Ëcause it ainââ¬â¢t no paradise for you to go to. â⬠¢ Place holders: There versus It in the copula Copula: Is, Was discretionary â⬠¢ Negatives: You ainââ¬â¢t goinââ¬â¢ to no paradise BEV similarly as semantically unpredictable as Standard American English We donââ¬â¢t see/comprehend the intricacy in different dialects Moral: All dialects appear to allow as wide scope of articulations as others Linguistic Universals What is in the same manner as all dialects? Sentences are worked from words dependent on the equivalent physiological procedures â⬠¢ All dialects have words â⬠¢ All people have methods of making sounds. â⬠¢ Languages will in general utilize a little arrangement of phonemic sounds â⬠¢ Phoneme: The negligible unit of sound that adds to significance what number phonemes in a language? English: 40 phonemes â⬠¢ Range: Polynesian 11 to Khoisan 141 Discreteness Messages in human language (e. g. discourse sounds) are comprised of units of which there is a discrete (set) number Arbitrariness The connection between significant components in language and their meaning is free of any physical similarity between the two. Words don't need to look or sound like what they depict Openness â⬠¢ New semantic messages are made unreservedly and effectively â⬠¢ Languages are not obliged in a manner so that there are a set number of messages that can be made.
Thursday, July 23, 2020
The Snowflake Method How to Design Your Story from a Simple Premise
The Snowflake Method How to Design Your Story from a Simple Premise When youre a writer, its likely that you often daydream about the kinds of stories that youd like to write down. You may be the type of writer where you have everything in your novel perfectly crafted in your headâ"from how youre going to introduce the characters to how theyll overcome the obstacles in the third act to how youll end it (either resolve everything neat and tidy or leave it hanging for a second or third installment of the story). And the writing process is merely just your fingers doing the walking and pouring out everything thats in your brain.Or you could be like the rest of us and not have the slightest idea of how youre going to attack the story in your novel, which makes the idea of sitting down to write a book pretty overwhelming (and lets face it, pretty scary). You can approach novel writing in many different ways, but one of our favorite processes is called The Snowflake Method. This approach is one of the best ways for writersâ"especially those writers who d ont have a ton of experience in story drafting or plottingâ"to get a story on the page. Because at the end of the day, it doesnt matter if youre using theories and writing approaches you learned from your MFA or if this is your very first experience with writing. All that matters is that you get words on the page and let the characters tell their story.Lets go over what the snowflake is, how to use it, why its so beneficial to writers, and some concrete examples to look at so you can model your own writing after it.What the Snowflake Method isAmerican author, writing coach, and physicist (yes, you read that right) Randy Ingermanson came up with the Snowflake Method to help writers create an outline by starting with the most basic information about the story and working your way up to the nitty gritty details like the plot and the character descriptions. Once you complete the Snowflake Method, youll have yourself a pretty fleshed out storyâ"with the idea that youll easily be able t o get drafting right away.His writing method was based on the mathematical concept of fractals, and specifically focused on the Koch Snowflake. (For those of us who are not mathematically inclined, the easiest way to explain the Koch Snowflake is that it starts out as an equilateral triangle and eventually evolves into a snowflake that has never-ending infinitely complex shapes.) As you can imagine, your novel outline will start out as a simple shape and then get infinitely more complex as your progress through each planning stage.So now that you have a loose idea of what the Snowflake Method is, lets dive into how it all exactly worksâ"with detailed steps so you can follow along.How the Snowflake Method worksWhen youre planning out your novel using the Snowflake Method, here are the steps youll need to follow:Step 1: Come up with a quick one-sentence summary of your novelBegin with a one-sentence summary of your novel. Avoid using overly descriptive phrases at this step.Youve had this idea in your head for a while nowâ"your novel. Now its actually time to put the idea onto paper (or Google Docs, Microsoft Word, your phone, etc.) by writing down a quick one-sentence summary of what your novel is about. You can also think of this as your elevator speech or your hook to get people interested in your story.Example:A woman locks eyes with someone and later finds out hes dating her best friend.OrA boy runs away and helps a slave down the Mississippi to find his freedom.This is a good exercise to start with because it not only helps you encapsulate your story and break it down to a very simple level, but it also helps you come up with the general theme of your story. Whenever the writing process begins to be too much and you start to lose the entire point, refer back to this one-sentence summary often so it can help guide you back into place and zoom out so you can remember what the whole story should be about.If you can, try to avoid descriptions and keep it at 1 5 words or fewer. So, essentially dont include any names, specific information about characters or even in some cases where theyre at (especially if you dont exactly know yet).Step 2: Grow the one-sentence summary into a paragraphGrow the summary into a paragraph, with multiple plot points. What started out as a triangle should now evolve into a star shape.Remember that Koch snowflake that we mentioned earlier? Well, if it started out as a triangle, now its going to evolve into a star, which will be your one-paragraph summary. Now that we have a nice, neat sentence that describes what the book is about, were going to expand it into a paragraph that gives more details about the story in five sentences.This is going to be a meatier version that describes the major plot points and takes you from a simple idea into a proper three-act structure. If youre writing non-fiction, the Snowflake Method can also work for youâ"instead of three acts, youll be determining the problem that your boo k will talk about, how to solve the problem (or some theories on how to solve), and then how to go about this solution.For those writing traditional fiction, youll want to cover all your plot points in the three-act structure, which include the following:The setup: Your characters are in the status quo, and you get to learn about their everyday life and what current challenges they face.Plot point #1 (or the inciting incident): This is the event that puts your character in the middle of an adventure. It either starts your character out on a journey or throws your character in action somehow.The mid-point: Essentially this is what happens in the story when the story is progressing and things start to get worse.Plot point #2 (or the hit rock bottom part): Your character was making progress on the goal, but now theyve hit rock bottom and have to figure out a way to once and for all solve the conflictâ"for better or worse.The climax and resolution: The final battle is being fought (lit erally or figuratively) and your character either triumphs or doesnt. Either way, the novels loose ends will be tied up and the story will end.You definitely want to spend more time on this second step than you did on the first step in the Snowflake Method. So, if you get stuck, dont be afraid to come back to it and try again. This is one of the most important building blocks for the rest of your snowflake plot.Step 3: Adding character summariesAdd character summaries, including their motivations. Who are they and what do they hope to achieve?Now that you have a basic and more expanded version of your plot, its time to focus on one of the other most important parts of your story: the characters. Our favorite characters can make us feel hopeful, make us downright angry, and even make us feel like weve made a friend.In this step of the Snowflake Method, youll be sketching out some basic facts about your character, including their name as well as their motivations (as in, what is drivi ng them and keeps them going). In addition to names and motivations, youll also want to write down their goals (what tangible things do they want or what do they want to achieve?) and their conflicts (what prevents them from obtaining this goal that they have).You might also want to include information about how they solve these conflicts. Remember, if something doesnt quite fit or you decide that you actually hate the names you come up with, you can always change it up later.Step 4: Take your one-paragraph summary and expand it into a full pageExpand the one-paragraph summary into a full page. Your original triangle should now begin to look like a snowflake.Your original triangle has now begun to take shape as a full-fledged snowflakeâ"with increasingly complex edges. Now youll be taking your paragraph summary of your plot that you wrote earlier and turning it into a full page of plot points.This step will take you at least a few hours, especially if you havent really thought out the finer details of your plot yet. To make your one-page plot summary useful, develop it into paragraphs that end with a major plot point or cliffhanger. By the last paragraph, you should know exactly how the novel will end (can you believe it?).Step 5: Develop character Bible and synopses for major and minor playersDevelop a character Bible and synopses for major and minor players. This is a process of diving deeper into your characters.Your triangular looking snowflake has now developed into a more realistic looking oneâ"and now youre at the stage where youll be adding some depth and drama to your characters. Now that you have your character summaries and your thoroughly explained plot, youre ready to dive deeper into who your characters are.This step can be pretty challenging. Youre essentially being asked to write down some fairly intimate details of people (or beings) that youve never metâ"all being harnessed by the creativity of your imagination.The task for this step is to create a one-page profile for each major character and a half-page for each minor one (AKA a Character Bible). This can definitely take a while if you are planning on introducing a large cast of characters, but its time well spent up front. This time-intensive step will also help you out later when youre trying to determine a characters motivation because you can refer to their backstory, history, personality, motivations, and most interesting of all, their desires.Once youve completed the Character Bible, youll now want to write a synopsis for every characterâ"or the arc of every characters story for the entire novel. These synopses will help you know at any point in the book what each character should be doing and what they will know.Step 6: Write a four-page summary and complete a scene listCreate a four-page summary and scene list. The scene list will be invaluable as you begin to write your novel.Weve now created a one-sentence summary, a paragraph summary, added character su mmaries, written a one-page summary, and developed Character Bibles and synopses for all your major and minor characters. Whew! Are you feeling more prepared to write your novel or just feeling plain tired?Weve finally arrived at the last step, which is to write a four-page summary and a scene list. To help you out with the four-page summary, all you need to do is take those different paragraphs in your one-page summary and expand them to fill four pages. Just like in every step, try to keep it less flowery and more direct and to the point (in other words, this is not the time or place to flex that descriptive writer muscle).If you get stuck trying to expand it, the easiest way to think about it is the following:The first act is the first page of your summaryThe second act is the second page of your summaryThe third act is the third page of your summaryThe ending is the fourth page of your summaryAfter youve completed the four-page summary, youll now move on to a scene list. This is the part of the Snowflake Method where you will write out what happens in each scene in the novelâ"this could be separated by chapter, or you could have more than one scene per chapter (it all depends on how youd like the pacing to go).And after your scene list is complete, theoretically youll be ready to write! Can you believe that you started out with just an idea for a novel and now its been expanded to several pages of documentation that outline exactly how youll need to write it?Now all youll need is a good strong cup of coffee and some motivation to sit down and get some words on the page.The Snowflake Method steps beyond the first sixLoved what you saw in the first six steps of the Ingermanson process? There are a few more extra steps you can follow that are even more in-depth if youd like to plot even more before you begin the actual writing process.The seventh step involves writing and sketching out character charts. This step can be especially helpful to those who are mo re of a visual personâ"so dont be afraid to draw pictures or symbols that will assist you in literally drawing out the character even more.The eighth step of the Snowflake Method involves taking that scene list and making a spreadsheet with one line per scene. (If youre more inclined to use analog tools, you could also write these down on note cards or a series of post-it notes that you can stick on or around your computer.) The main idea with this step is just that youll always have an easily accessible list of your scenes right in front of you so it can guide you on the way to completing your novel.The ninth step of the Ingermanson process is to take each scene from step eight and then write a multi-paragraph summary of the scene. If you decided to list each scene in a spreadsheet, copy and paste the line into a separate document and expand on what happens. This will really get you into the nitty gritty details of whats going on with your plot, what your characters are doing, and how theyre feeling during a particular point in the story. Though this step may take a while, can you even imagine how immensely helpful it will be to have all of this information sorted out in front of you?Having all of the scenes listed and in full detail will also be a prime opportunity for you to take a step back and look at everything together. When examining your scene descriptions, ask yourself the following questions:Does the conflict get solved?Are there any plot holes?Do all of the characters have a defined arc? (As in, do you have any characters that seem to be out of place or who dont have definitive plots that wrap up in the end?)Are the scenes in the correct order?Is the tension of the plot sufficient?Is the pacing pretty even, or could it stand to be sped up or slowed down in certain spots?If you get brave enough, sending the expanded scene descriptions to a friend is a great way to get feedback on your plot before you even begin writing. This way, you can know if so mething needs to be revised before youve written thousands of words. At this point itll be way easier to fix something in your planning phase rather than trying to comb through all of your words and edit in order to close up a loose plot point.Finally, the tenth step is actually sitting down to write the first draft of the novel. The whole point of doing this exercise is so that once you have that blinking cursor on page one of your novel that youre much less likely to get stuck or have writers block.Plus, because you have everything plotted out, you could maybe even churn out a novel in just a few short weeks or months (as opposed to long, gregarious process that it ordinarily takes when youre still thinking of plot points and character development).However, its important to note that even though youve plotted everything out that you shouldnt be married to anything. You never know when one of your characters will do something unpredictable.Why the Snowflake Method is beneficial to writersIf writing down plot points and sketching out characters doesnt sound like your idea of a fun day, then you may be wondering Is the Snowflake Method really for me?The Snowflake Method certainly isnt for everyone, but it really works for those writers who need the following:Help with plot holesCreating a guide that takes you through the entire novelâ"without even having typed out a single sentence on your official draftSomething to refer back to if you get stuck during the (often frustrating) writing processA spark of creativity when you hit a brick wallA strategic plan that can give you the confidence to get started in your writingThe Snowflake Method can also be useful to someone who may have started writing a novel and who got completely stuck. This can guide you back to fixing plot holes that you may have created and help you understand why a certain character is motivated to do something (or not do something).This method can also assist first-time writers or novelists st art the process when they really have no idea how to begin or theyve never had any formal instruction on story, character, or plot.Some writers swear by this method and others wouldnt touch it with a nine-foot pole (preferring their own method or adopting another common writing process like a plot development chart), but until you try it you may never know the genius of Ingermansons process.
Friday, May 22, 2020
gender bias - 2247 Words
Gender Bias in Education by Amanda Chapman of D Youville College Sitting in the same classroom, reading the same textbook, listening to the same teacher, boys and girls receive very different educations. (Sadker, 1994) In fact, upon entering school, girls perform equal to or better than boys on nearly every measure of achievement, but by the time they graduate high school or college, they have fallen behind. (Sadker, 1994) However, discrepancies between the performance of girls and the performance of boys in elementary education leads some critics to argue that boys are being neglected within the education system: Across the country, boys have never been in more trouble: They earn 70 percent of the D s and F s that teachers doleâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Reay s research shows that each of the groups of girls defined their own femininities in relation to boys. (2001) The Reay study further demonstrates how socialization of girls occurs at the school level by tolerating different behaviors from boys than from girls. Assertive behavior from girls is often seen as disruptive and may be viewed more negatively by adults. In Reay s study, the fact that the spice girls asserted themselves in ways contrary to traditional femininity caused them to be labeled by teachers as real bitches. (2001) This reinforces the notion that ...girls misbehavior to be looked upon as a character defect, whilst boys misbehavior is viewed as a desire to assert themselves. (Reay, 2001) A permissive attitude towards sexual harassment is another way in which schools reinforce the socialization of girls as inferior. When schools ignore sexist, racist, homophobic, and violent interactions between students, they are giving tacit approval to such behaviors. (Bailey, 1992) Yet boys are taunted for throwing like a girl, or crying like a girl, which implies that being a girl is worse than being a boy. According to the American Association of University Women Report, The clear message to both boys and girls is that girls are notShow MoreRelatedPsychological Science and Gender Bias1351 Words à |à 5 Pagesparticipants of different age, gender, different cultures etc. Results of such research assume to effectively predict the nature of the construct involved in the study. However this may not always be the case since the results of a study may be hampered by the bias involved in the study. Bias can be defined as the human tendencies that leads them to follow a quasi-logical path or form a certain perspective that is based on the predetermined notions or beliefs. Bias may affect the results of a studyRead MoreGender, Gender And Gender Bias1429 Words à |à 6 Pages Language and gender has become an increasingly popular topic of study over recent decades, most likely due to the second wave of feminism in the 1960s and 70s. This can also be seen in the fact that goals of linguistic studies shifted at this point, to not just look at grammatical differences between males and females but to examine sexism and gender bias in language. The wording of such studies becomes increasingly important in the modern era, as gender is now recognised as a socially constructedRead MoreGender Bias Of Face Recognition744 Words à |à 3 Pagesthere seem to be many factors that influence the performance of facial recognition, such as age, gender, race and even particular social or cultural groups that people belong to. This experiment explores whether there is gender bias in face recognition. Own-gender bias in facial recognition is the tendency to recognise individuals from oneââ¬â¢s own gender better than individuals from the other gender (Herlitz Lovà ©n, 2013). Categorisation-Individuation model: (Herlitz Lovà ©n, 2013) Categorisation:Read MoreGender Bias On The Classroom1112 Words à |à 5 PagesGender Bias In The Classroom Gender roles are widely accepted societal expectations about how males and females should behave (Rathus, 2010, pg. 447). Gender roles create a difference in the way that masculine and feminine behaviors are accepted among society. Gender roles are often depicted as just a part of who a person is and help better define the difference between male and female. When society begins to use these gender roles as norms we often see those who donââ¬â¢t fit into the correct roleRead MoreGender Equality And Gender Bias2091 Words à |à 9 PagesGender equality and gender bias has been vigorously discussed and argued for decades, and it still remains as the issue that cannot be ignored in our society. The NSW department of Education and Training provides the Boysââ¬â¢ and Girlsââ¬â¢ Education Strategy to assist all government schools in NSW to undertake a strategic approach to address gender as an educational issues(NSW DEC). Still, girls are now facing difficulties that arose from no t only their abilities but also the influence from their familiesRead MoreGender Bias in Education680 Words à |à 3 PagesGender bias has existed in education since the inception of schooling. According to the National Womenââ¬â¢s History Museum (NWHM), during the 1700ââ¬â¢s, women were denied access to secondary schooling, and were only given the most basic education deemed necessary to fulfill the ââ¬Å"womenââ¬â¢s dutiesâ⬠(NWHM 1). Research from the National Coalition for Women and Girls in Education (NCWGE) has shown that when Title IX was introduced in 1972, girls were able to participate in any state-funded activity, resultingRead MoreGender Bias And Gender Inequality1373 Words à |à 6 Pagesfemale only makes ââ¦â of what the average male does. Whether it is in school, or the workforce, gender inequality still exists and is a major problem. There is still a huge difference in the way women get treated compared to the way men get treated. Due to the invi sible barrier that is holding back the success of women, social realities need to be redefined in order for gender inequality to longer exist. Gender inequality refers to the unequal rights, responsibilities and opportunities of women and menRead MoreIndia And The Gender Bias2780 Words à |à 12 Pages Gender Economics Weekly Report 1 Prof. Rupa Korde Name: Ronak Shah LE2012761090 FSLE3 Question: - The problem which are being faced in India and the gender bias in the ââ¬Å"healthcare sectorâ⬠of India India is a developing country and we all know that India is still in a health crisis. Although, India has been awarded a ââ¬ËPolio-freeââ¬â¢ status by an official certificate by the World Health Organization (WHO), we still occupy 2nd position when it comes to population and the 112th position in sex ratioRead MoreRelationship Between Gender Bias And Gender Essay2236 Words à |à 9 PagesThis study focuses on the relationship between gender bias, gender ideology, and gender roles in everyday life. The study analyzes how differences in gender affect professorsââ¬â¢ behavior in the classroom. My research question is how do men and women view professorsââ¬â¢ treatment of students based on gender? Some basic guiding questions are: In your opinion and experience, do professors treat certain groups of students differently? Who are these students? Specifically, do professors treat men vs. womenRead MoreThe Null Hypothesis : Gender Bias928 Words à |à 4 Pages2. Null Hypoth esis - Gender bias does not have a role to play in peopleââ¬â¢s mind-set towards male victims. â⬠¢ When asked if DV affects a significant number, small number of men or doesnââ¬â¢t affect men, 53.2% male respondents and 58.6% female respondents think that it affects a small number of men. Only 23.8% male respondents and 31.3% female respondents think a significant number of men are affected and a further 10.9% male respondents and 10.1% female respondents think it doesnââ¬â¢t affect men. Since the
Thursday, May 7, 2020
A Survey On Load Balancing Cloud Computing Using...
A Survey on Load Balancing in Cloud Computing using Artificial Intelligence Techniques Amandeep Kaur1, Pooja Nagpal2 1Research Scholar,Department of CSE, I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology,India 2Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology ,I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology,India 1amandhonsa@gmail.com, 2rieit.cse.pooja@gmail.com Abstractââ¬â Since its inception, the cloud computing paradigm has gained the widespread popularity in the industry and academia. The economical, scalable, expedient, ubiquitous, and on-demand access to shared resources are some of the characteristics of the cloud that have resulted in shifting the business processes to the cloud. The cloud computing attracts the attention of research community due to its potential to provide tremendous benefits to the industry and the community. But with the increasing demand of the cloud computing, there are some challenges also. The main cloud computing challenges are Data Management and Resource Allocation, Security and Privacy, Load Balancing, Scalability and Availability, Migration to Clouds and Compatibility, Interoperability and Communication between Clouds. In this paper, we concentrates on load balancing in cloud computing. We have considered artificial intelligence based algorithms for the cloud load balancing.Show MoreRelatedManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words à |à 960 Pages CASE STUDY I-7 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (B): Cleaning Up an Information Systems Debacle CASE STUDY II-1 Vendor-Managed Inventory at NIBCO CASE STUDY II-2 Real-Time Business Intelligence at Continental Airlines CASE STUDY II-3 Norfolk Southern Railway: The Business Intelligence Journey CASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data to Increase State Tax Revenues in California CASE STUDY II-5 The Cliptomaniaâ⠢ Web Store: An E-Tailing Start-up Survival Story CASE STUDY II-6 Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesMATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment of Management Skills (PAMS) 24 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 28 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 30 SCORING KEY AND COMPARISON DATA 42 Personal Assessment of Management Skills 42 Scoring Key 42 Comparison Data 42 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 43 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 43 PART I 1 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 45 DEVELOPING SELF-AWARENESS SKILL ASSESSMENT 46 Diagnostic Surveys for Scale Self-AwarenessRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words à |à 339 Pagesfundamental building blocks for becoming more innovative and changing the world. One of the most important books to come out this year, and one that will remain pivotal reading for years to come.â⬠Chairman and CEO, salesforce.com; author, Behind the Cloud ââ¬Å" e Innovatorââ¬â¢s DNA is the ââ¬Ëhow toââ¬â¢ manual to innovation, and to the fresh thinking that is the root of innovation. It has dozens of simple tricks that any person and any team can use today to discover the new ideas that solve the important problemsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Strategic direction and strategic formulation 7 Missions and objectives 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6Read MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words à |à 308 Pagesopportunity to do that with future books, and I have enough respect for this one to try to stand off a bit. That being said, I did make a few significant exceptions. I eliminated the vii viii Preface to the Revised Edition section on using ââ¬Å"thematic nichesâ⬠as a legitimate tactic for crossing the chasm. It turns out instead they were a placeholder for the market tactics used during a merging hypergrowth market, a challenge covered in a subsequent book, Inside the Tornado. Also I haveRead MoreManagement Course: MbaâËâ10 General Management215330 Words à |à 862 PagesPOWER OF MANAGEMENT CAPITAL THE DEMANDS OF SUSTAINING PROFITABLE GROWTH IN A BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT WHERE THE FAST DEVOUR THE SLOW Our work in helping to increase the profitability of many of the worldââ¬â¢s major companies (as well as our database surveys of many other companies) has made it clear that all this complexity has been changing the fundamental dimensions of business strategy and the meaning of its implementation. These changes affect a broad range of decisions, including the following:
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Succubus Heat CHAPTER 8 Free Essays
Grace called me that night while I was on my way to talk to Isabelle. ââ¬Å"Hello, Georgina. This is Grace. We will write a custom essay sample on Succubus Heat CHAPTER 8 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â⬠I waited patiently for Meiââ¬â¢s complementary greeting. When it didnââ¬â¢t come, I asked in surprise, ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s just you? Not Mei?â⬠Graceââ¬â¢s voice, while as flat as usual, held the tiniest puzzled note in it. ââ¬Å"Why would Mei be here?â⬠It apparently hadnââ¬â¢t occurred to her that I had never received a call or a visit from either of them alone. They always functioned as a unit, kind of giving the impression that the fabric of the universe might rip open if they were ever apart. This was as weird as them nearly accepting coffee the other day. ââ¬Å"Never mind. Whatââ¬â¢s up?â⬠ââ¬Å"Jerome wanted me to tell you that he isâ⬠¦pleased.â⬠ââ¬Å"Over what?â⬠ââ¬Å"Over you successfully embarrassing Cedric.â⬠ââ¬Å"But I didnââ¬â¢t-â⬠I bit my lip, suddenly wondering if I should be so quick to deny my involvement. Jerome hadnââ¬â¢t been happy with me recently. While the stupid spectacle at Queen Elizabeth Park had put me on Cedricââ¬â¢s shit list, it might very well take me off Jeromeââ¬â¢s and hasten my permanent return to Seattle. I stayed silent. ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢s glad you took his talk to heart,â⬠Grace continued. ââ¬Å"Although, he does wish to remind you that you being sent to Cedric is supposed to be a gesture of good will. So try not to be too efficient. Jerome encourages you to keep up with these small jabs but to remember that you do ultimately want this group undone.â⬠I sighed. ââ¬Å"Noted.â⬠Grace disconnected. Great. This was all I needed. Jerome thought I was guilty too-of trying to score extra credit with him. Cedric had told me I could find Isabelle at a jazz club a few miles from my hotel. It was over on a street lined with clubs and bars, and the excitement and energy in the air as I walked toward Isabelleââ¬â¢s hangout was palpable. It was Saturday night, after all, and the streets teemed with humans eager and excited for life and love. I couldnââ¬â¢t see their souls or energy the way an imp like Hugh could, but I didnââ¬â¢t need to. It was apparent in the way they moved and talked and eyed each other for potential hook-ups. Even after my recent tryst, being in this electric atmosphere made me itch for another conquest. Iââ¬â¢d have to cruise these clubs once Iââ¬â¢d concluded business with Isabelle. The jazz club was small and dark, exactly the way you expected such places to be. All the tables were filled, and lots of people stood by the bar or along the wall. I didnââ¬â¢t have any trouble finding Isabelle, though. The signature of a greater immortal filled up a place like this. Hers made me think of sunlight shining through crystals, fracturing into sparkles of color. She sat alone at a corner table. Most obviously single women in there were being hit on-in fact, I got a number of appraising looks as I walked through-but no one other than the wait staff seemed to notice Isabelle. It reminded me of how no one ever noticed Jeromeââ¬â¢s resemblance to John Cusack. Isabelle wore a long blue dress with spaghetti straps, surprisingly risqu?à ¦ for an angel. Her hair was sunny blond and worn loose to her lower back-not unlike a golden cloak, I thought wryly. She sensed me, of course, and didnââ¬â¢t seem surprised at all when I sat down across from her. With a smile, she glanced up and crooked a finger toward the nearest waiter. He hurried over and took my gimlet order. Once he was gone, Isabelle turned her attention on me. ââ¬Å"So. Jeromeââ¬â¢s succubus.â⬠Cedric had called me the same thing when we first met. I kind of resented my identity being based on my association with-or rather, possession by-someone else. ââ¬Å"Yeah,â⬠I said. She watched me pleasantly, neither cold nor friendly. With angels, you never knew which extreme you might get. Mostly, she looked curious, so I figured I could get right down to business. ââ¬Å"So I-ââ¬Å" ââ¬Å"Shh.â⬠ââ¬Å"Wh-ââ¬Å" She held up her hand, dark eyes focusing on something beyond me. The band was in the middle of a song, and the trumpet player had just put the instrument to his lips. A long, high note came out, kicking off what turned into a mournful solo. When he finished a minute or so later, I turned back to Isabelle and saw the waiter had brought my gimlet. The angelââ¬â¢s face was alight with wonder-and wistfulness. ââ¬Å"Did you hear that?â⬠she asked me. ââ¬Å"Those notes werenââ¬â¢t complicated, yet he managed to put so much into them. His heart, his emotions, his soul. A world of sorrow, exquisite agonyâ⬠¦all in those few notes.â⬠She took a sip of her wine. ââ¬Å"You canââ¬â¢t do that. Not even I can do that-not the way he did.â⬠Her words surprised me, but I knew exactly what she meant. Part of the reason I was always a little in awe of Sethââ¬â¢s books was because he, as a mortal, had a talent that an immortal like me never could possess. ââ¬Å"Only humans have the gift of creation,â⬠I murmured. Her eyebrows rose slightly, and she smiled. ââ¬Å"Yes, exactly. So tell me, what can I do for you, Jeromeââ¬â¢s succubus?â⬠I felt a little weird interrogating her now. There was something a little sad and vulnerable about her that made her appealing. Nonetheless, I pushed forward. Angels and demons came from the same stock. Both were good at making you believe what they wanted. ââ¬Å"Youâ⬠¦you know about those so-called Satanists, right? The Army of Darkness?â⬠Isabelleââ¬â¢s smile twitched. ââ¬Å"Great movie, silly cult. Did you have anything to do with their display today? I really liked the goat mask.â⬠I shook my head. ââ¬Å"Actually, I was wondering if you had anything to do with it.â⬠ââ¬Å"Me?â⬠She laughed. ââ¬Å"I only wish I could think up things that good-but there we are again: humans and creation. Why do you ask?â⬠ââ¬Å"Because they say theyââ¬â¢re being directed by an angel.â⬠I gave her an abridged version of what the group had told me. ââ¬Å"And you assume they literally meant an angel?â⬠ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m trying not to assume anything. But I think someone or something is directing them, and your side has as good a reason as any to stir up trouble for Cedric and make the authorities on all sides come down on him.â⬠ââ¬Å"And your side has just as good a reason. Demons try to oust each other all the time.â⬠I tapped my nails along my glassââ¬â¢s edge and eyed her warily. ââ¬Å"And you havenââ¬â¢t actually answered my question,â⬠I pointed out. ââ¬Å"You havenââ¬â¢t directly denied being involved.â⬠Angels couldnââ¬â¢t technically lie, but oh, they were masters at not always telling the truth. Isabelle finished off her wine and smiled at me again. ââ¬Å"Oh, you are delightful. This is just like being on a TV cop show. No wonder Carter likes you so much.â⬠I sighed in exasperation, realizing I was going to get nowhere. Fucking angels. Her grin dimmed a little, but she was still clearly amused. ââ¬Å"Look, Georgina,â⬠she said. She knew my name; no real surprise. ââ¬Å"I like you. Youââ¬â¢re clever and endearing, but hereââ¬â¢s how it is: I donââ¬â¢t want to see Cedric leave Vancouver. I like him. And anyway, that saying about keeping your enemies close is true. I know him, I understand him. And when youââ¬â¢re playing a game like ours, the better you know the pieces on the board, the better youââ¬â¢ll do. I donââ¬â¢t want to have to live with an archdemon I donââ¬â¢t know, one whoââ¬â¢s a lot more unpleasant than he is.â⬠A new glass of wine had been delivered, and she paused to take a sip. ââ¬Å"And thatââ¬â¢s the truth.â⬠I didnââ¬â¢t know what to say. I wanted to believe her but had no idea if I could. I simply sighed again. ââ¬Å"What are you thinking?â⬠she asked. ââ¬Å"I wish I could believe you when you say you arenââ¬â¢t involved. Even with the whole not-lying thing, I donââ¬â¢t know that I can. I donââ¬â¢t think that I can trust anyone.â⬠ââ¬Å"That,â⬠she said firmly, ââ¬Å"is absolutely something I agree with: you canââ¬â¢t trust anyone. On any side. Everyoneââ¬â¢s got their own agenda, and thereââ¬â¢s something in the air right now-itââ¬â¢s like a building storm, to use a clich?à ¦. Be careful.â⬠Her face looked momentarily troubled, and then she relaxed again as her attention returned to the stage. ââ¬Å"Ah, the soloist is back.â⬠I slid my empty glass to the center of the table. I started to take out some cash too, but she waved it away. ââ¬Å"Thanks for talking,â⬠I told her, rising from my chair. Suddenly, I hesitated. ââ¬Å"You mentioned Carter. I donââ¬â¢t supposeâ⬠¦I donââ¬â¢t suppose you know where heââ¬â¢s been lately?â⬠Iââ¬â¢d never thought I would utter those words. Carter had tormented me for years with his unsolicited, cryptic advice. Heââ¬â¢d particularly loved to comment about Seth and me, as though he had some special interest in our relationship. Since it had ended, Iââ¬â¢d hardly seen Carter at all. He used to come hang out with my friends and me but had only surfaced a couple of times in the last few months. Isabelle smiled. ââ¬Å"Heââ¬â¢s closer than you think.â⬠ââ¬Å"Typical angel answer,â⬠I groaned. I turned around to leave and then yelped. Carter stood by the clubââ¬â¢s entrance. Abandoning Isabelle, I hurried across the crowded room. Oblivious to the dress code, Carter wore his typical grungy clothing, ratty jeans and a plain gray T-shirt. A flannel shirt was tied around his waist, and his blond hair could have handled a good washing and brushing. He smiled expectantly at my approach and stepped outside to the crowded street. I followed. ââ¬Å"What are you doing here?â⬠I asked, taking out my cigarettes. I grabbed one for myself and then offered him the pack. He took one too. ââ¬Å"What are you doing here?â⬠he returned pleasantly. ââ¬Å"You know what Iââ¬â¢m doing here. Everyone knows what Iââ¬â¢m doing here.â⬠I fumbled in my purse for my new lighter and found a matchbook instead. I pulled it out. Markââ¬â¢s Mad Martini Bar. Iââ¬â¢d forgotten them. ââ¬Å"Whatââ¬â¢s wrong?â⬠asked Carter, noting my frown. I shook my head. ââ¬Å"Nothing.â⬠I traded the matches for my lighter, and we lit up. ââ¬Å"You were lurking with your signature hidden,â⬠I continued. ââ¬Å"Why?â⬠ââ¬Å"Element of surprise,â⬠he said. ââ¬Å"It was worth it to see your face.â⬠We walked past the club lines and drunken groups, no clear destination in mind-at least none that I knew of. ââ¬Å"You havenââ¬â¢t been around in a while,â⬠I accused. ââ¬Å"Why, Daughter of Lilith, have you missed me?â⬠ââ¬Å"No! But I was starting to feel like you were only interested in me while I was dating Seth.â⬠ââ¬Å"Of course not.â⬠There was a long, overly nonchalant pause. ââ¬Å"Soâ⬠¦have you talked to him lately?â⬠I rolled my eyes. ââ¬Å"You are only interested in Seth! Youââ¬â¢re going to have to let it go, Carter. Seth and I are finished. Why canââ¬â¢t you obsess on me and my new boyfriend instead?â⬠ââ¬Å"Because you can do better.â⬠ââ¬Å"Everyone keeps saying that. But Iââ¬â¢m a succubus. How much better can I do?â⬠ââ¬Å"The fact that people keep telling you that should be answer enough.â⬠ââ¬Å"Seth broke up with me ,â⬠I said through gritted teeth. ââ¬Å"He doesnââ¬â¢t want me anymore, end of story.â⬠ââ¬Å"Oh, come now. Do you really believe that?â⬠ââ¬Å"Seeing as I was there at the break-up? Yes.â⬠Carter tsked. ââ¬Å"Georgina, Georgina. Youââ¬â¢re letting your anger and other emotions cloud your reason, which is unfortunate since youââ¬â¢re a lot smarter than people give you credit for. Go back and think. Why did Seth break up with you?â⬠I stared off at the far side of the street, refusing to look at him. ââ¬Å"Because he thought if we stayed together, weââ¬â¢d both get hurt. That it would be better if we split, no matter how painful at the time.â⬠ââ¬Å"And you think that makes him a bad person?â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes.â⬠I turned back toward Carter. ââ¬Å"Because I didnââ¬â¢t agree. I was willing to take the risk. He gave up.â⬠ââ¬Å"Sometimes it takes more courage to know when to retreat than to keep fighting.â⬠ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t think it could have taken that much courage. He ended up with Maddie pretty quickly.â⬠No matter how hard I tried, I couldnââ¬â¢t keep the bitterness from my voice. ââ¬Å"That takes courage too, forcing yourself to start over with someone new, to keep moving on with your life.â⬠ââ¬Å"Seems more like a rebound to me.â⬠Carter took a long drag on his cigarette. ââ¬Å"Seth didnââ¬â¢t leave and go to Maddie because he stopped loving you. If there were no complications in the world, you would be the one he chose. You are his ideal, his first choice.â⬠ââ¬Å"Thatââ¬â¢s not flattering to Maddie.â⬠ââ¬Å"It doesnââ¬â¢t make her less. It just means he loves her differently. And when you decide you have to move on, thatââ¬â¢s how it is. Just because things donââ¬â¢t work out, it doesnââ¬â¢t mean there arenââ¬â¢t other people you canââ¬â¢t love. Love is too big a thing for you to go without it in life.â⬠ââ¬Å"Oh yes,â⬠I said. ââ¬Å"I have so missed these cryptic conversations.â⬠Carter crooked me a grin. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m glad to see youââ¬â¢re back to your old self.â⬠ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ve missed the sarcasm too.â⬠ââ¬Å"No, Iââ¬â¢m serious. You werenââ¬â¢t a lot of fun these last few months. You were kind ofâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"â⬠¦bitchy?â⬠He shrugged. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t know. You were angry and depressed and frustrated. You stopped caring about the people around you. You werenââ¬â¢tâ⬠¦well, you.â⬠ââ¬Å"You donââ¬â¢t know me or what I am.â⬠ââ¬Å"I know you better than you think. I know youââ¬â¢re still hurting and think the universe has given up on you. It hasnââ¬â¢t. I also know that as far as all this demon business is concerned, your curiosity is going to tangle you up further in something you shouldnââ¬â¢t be involved with in the first place. Jerome,â⬠he declared, ââ¬Å"is a fool.â⬠ââ¬Å"Do you know whatââ¬â¢s going on?â⬠I asked eagerly, coming to a stop. ââ¬Å"Whoââ¬â¢s leading that cult? Whoââ¬â¢s supposedly running this huge game thatââ¬â¢s going on that I canââ¬â¢t see?â⬠ââ¬Å"No,â⬠said Carter, expression dark. ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t know any of that. But if I were you, Iââ¬â¢d get back to Seattle soon. Stay close to Jerome.â⬠ââ¬Å"He hates me right now.â⬠ââ¬Å"No, he doesnââ¬â¢t. Stay close to him. Heââ¬â¢ll protect you. If he canââ¬â¢tâ⬠¦well, I will. If I can.â⬠There was nothing romantic in his offer of protection. It wasnââ¬â¢t spoken with chivalrous fierceness. His manner was uneasy, like he was dealing with a last resort. I also couldnââ¬â¢t help but replay his last words: if I can . Angels-or demons-didnââ¬â¢t use the word ââ¬Å"ifâ⬠very often. ââ¬Å"What do you mean if-ââ¬Å" ââ¬Å"Go back home, Daughter of Lilith.â⬠He tipped his head back to stare at the night sky, blew smoke into the air, and then looked down at me with his silvery gray eyes. ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢ll talk soon.â⬠He dropped the cigarette to the sidewalk and vanished. I glanced around, worried someone had seen us, but weââ¬â¢d walked far from the partiers. I stamped out the cigarette, turned, and headed back in the direction of all the nightlife to go find some guys Iââ¬â¢d noticed checking me out. A night with drunken men might still leave me feeling hollow, but at least their motives were easier to understand than angelsââ¬â¢. How to cite Succubus Heat CHAPTER 8, Essay examples
Monday, April 27, 2020
Sickle Cell Disease Essays - Hemoglobins, Sickle-cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease The sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder that affects red blood cells. People with sickle cell have red blood cells that have mostly hemoglobin's, Sometimes these red blood cells become sickle-shaped or crescent shaped and have trouble going through small blood vessels. When sickle-shaped cells block small blood vessels, less blood can get to that part of the body. Tissue that does not get a normal blood flow eventually becomes damaged. This is what causes the problems of sickle cell disease. As to this day there is really no cure for sickle cell disease. Red blood cells take oxygen from the air we breathe into our lungs to all parts of the body. Oxygen is carried in red blood cells by a substance called hemoglobin (Hemoglobin ? is the main substance of the red blood cell. It helps red blood cells carry oxygen from the air in our lungs to all parts of the body). Normal red blood cells contain hemoglobin A. Hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C are abnormal types of hemoglobin. Oxygen is carried in red blood cells by a substance called hemoglobin. The main hemoglobin in normal red blood cells is hemoglobin A. Normal red blood cells are soft and round and can squeeze through tiny blood tubes (vessels). Normally, red blood cells live for about 120 days before new ones replace them. People with sickle cell conditions make a different form of hemoglobin A called hemoglobin S (S stands for sickle). Red blood cells containing mostly hemoglobin S do not live as long as normal red blood cells (normally about 16 days). They also become stiff, distorted in shape and have difficulty passing through the body's small blood vessels. When sickle-shaped cells block small blood vessels, less blood can get to that part of the body. Tissue that does not receive a normal blood flow eventually becomes damaged. This is what causes the complications of sickle cell disease. There are several types of sickle cell disease. The most common are: Sickle Cell Anemia (SS), Sickle-Hemoglobin C Disease (SC) Sickle Beta-Plus Thalassemia and Sickle Beta-Zero Thalassemia. Sickle Cell trait (AS) is an inherited condition in which both hemoglobin A and S are made in the red blood cells, there are always more A than S. Sickle cell trait is not a type of sickle cell disease. People with sickle cell trait are generally healthy. Sickle cell conditions are inherited from parents in much the same way as blood type, hair color and texture, eye color and other physical things. The types of hemoglobin a person makes in the red blood cells depend upon what hemoglobin genes the person inherits from his or her parents. Like most genes, hemoglobin genes are inherited in two sets...one from each parent (Ex. If one parent has Sickle Cell Anemia and the other is Normal, all of the children will have sickle cell trait. 4 If one parent has sickle cell anemia and the other has sickle cell trait, there is a 50% chance (or 1 out of 2) of having a baby with either sickle cell disease or sickle cell trait with each pregnancy, When both parents have sickle cell trait, they have a 25% chance (1 of 4) of having a baby with sickle cell disease with each pregnancy). HOW DO YOU KNOW IF YOU HAVE THIS TRAIT A SIMPLE PAINLESS BLOOD TEST followed by a laboratory technique called Hemoglobin Electrophoresis will determine the type of hemoglobin you have. When you pass an electric charge through a solution of hemoglobin, distinct hemoglobins move different distances, depending on their composition. This technique differentiates between normal hemoglobin (A), Sickle hemoglobin (S), and other different kinds of hemoglobin (such as C, D, E,). Medical Problems Sickle cells are destroyed rapidly in the body of people with the disease causing anemia, jaundice and the formation of gallstones. The sickle cells also block the flow of blood through vessels resulting in lung tissue damage (acute chest syndrome), pain episodes (arms, legs, chest and abdomen), stroke and priapism (painful prolonged erection). It also causes damage to most organs including the spleen, kidneys and liver. Damage to the spleen makes sickle cell disease patients, especially young children, easily overwhelmed by certain bacterial infections. TREATMENT Health maintenance for patients with sickle cell disease starts with early diagnosis, preferably in the newborn period and includes penicillin prophylaxis, vaccination against pneumococcus bacteria and folic acid supplementation. Treatment of complications often includes antibiotics, pain management, intravenous fluids, blood transfusion and surgery all backed by psychosocial support. Like all
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